The Siege of Lucknow

This incident refers to one of the most prominent events of the first war of Indian independence of 1857.
By the last week of June 1857, troops of Oudh and Bengal went up in rebellion and along with the many rebel locals , surrounded the main site of British establishment called the Residency,in the city of Lucknow. This place was spread over 60 acres , consisted of 6 buildings,with garrison, artillery etc.
The first siege continued for 87 days , after which General Outram came from Kanpur with reinforcements.
He had hoped that the rebel fighters would lose hope on seing the new British reinforcements and thus intended to evacuate all the Brtishers inside right way , but because the fighters continued with the same spirit, he had to wait for several more weeks.
The Residency
Thus the second siege lasted around 61 more days, after which most remaining Britishers managed to move away under stealth to Kanpur.
After this incident Lucknow remained in the hands of the native fighters for several months before the recapture next year.
During this siege , whose signs and remnants can still be seen at the Residency, the local fighters managed to account for around 2500 British casualties, including Sir henry Lawrence, the British commissioner of the state of Oudh, his successor, Major John Banks and Major General Henry Havelock among many others.

The Kakori trial

The Kakori incident added a new vigour to the independence movement in the country , but it also irked the British Government badly . As a result , a huge nationwide hunt for all the Hindustan Republic Association(HRA) members began.
In all 40 members were arrested and a court trial was started. The trial was held on 21 May 1926 at the Ring Theatre , a building which was later converted to what is now the General Post Office of Lucknow .
The defence for the accused in the case was provided by a committee which consisted of Gobind Ballabh Pant, Mohan Lal Saxena, Chandra Bhanu Gupta, Ajit Prasad Jain, Gopi Nath Srivastava, R. M. Bahadurji and B. K. Chaudhury and Kripa Shankar Hajela.
Pandit Jagat Narayan Mulla, a prominent advocate from Lucknow and brother in law of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru refused to take up the defence of the arrested revolutionaries, due to personal prejudice with Ram Prasad Bhismil. He was appointed as Public Prosecutor by the law of Court.
There were massive nationwide protests against the Court's decision of capital punishment to Ram Prasad Bismil, Ashfaqullah Khan, Rajendra Nath Lahiri and Roshan Singh, and members of the Central Legislature even petitioned the Viceroy of India to change it to life sentences. This martyrdom eventually paved for an ever stronger and successful revolt against the British in India.

Lucknow Pact

Lucknow Pact refers to an agreement between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League. In 1916, Muhammed Ali Jinnah, from the Muslim League, negotiated with the Indian National Congress to reach an agreement to pressure the British government to adopt a more liberal approach to India and give Indians more authority to run their country. This was a change of policy for the Muslim League, which beleived that to preserve Muslim interests in India, it needed to support British rule. After the unpopular partition of Bengal, the Muslim League was confused about its stand .
The Lucknow Pact also marked the establishment of cordial relations between the two prominent groups of the Indian National Congress - the bold, fierce leaders or 'garam dal' led by Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and the moderates or the 'naram dal' led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale.